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Workshops/Seminar/Roundtable :
Abstracts of
the
National
Seminar on
Renewable Energy: Solar Thermal Energy
March 22,
2009
Organized by Renewable Energy Research Centre,
List of keynote papers:
|
No. |
Title |
Authors name and address
|
|
|
Session
One
|
|
|
|
Chair: Prof. Jalalur Rahman |
|
|
1 |
The role
of Academic Institutions for policy |
Shahida Rafique, Department of Applied |
|
|
formulation to the Global Climate Chance |
Physics,
Electronics and Communication |
|
|
|
Engineering,
|
|
2 |
Development Status and Market Potential of |
Neem
Chandra Bhowmik, Renewable |
|
|
Solar Water Heating Systems in |
Energy
Research Centre, University of |
|
|
|
|
List of Contributed papers:
|
No. |
Title |
Name & Address |
|
|
Session
Two
|
|
|
|
Chair:
Prof. M Ibrahim |
|
|
01 |
A case for
the use of human power over solar PV for |
K
Siddique-e Rabbani |
|
|
supplying
electricity to rural home |
|
|
02 |
Socio
economic development using Biogas Technology |
M A
Gofran Kabir |
|
03 |
Renewable Energy Usage in |
Md.
Abul Hossain |
|
04 |
|
Md. Shah
Alam Talukder |
|
05 |
Performance Analysis of Solar Water Heater |
Shahidul I
Khan and Asif Islam |
|
|
Session
Three |
|
|
|
Chair:
Prof. N C Bhowmik |
|
|
06 |
Nano
materials in the energy sector: Solar thermal |
Shahida
Rafique |
|
|
domain
applications |
|
|
07 |
Applicability of Nano tech for solar thermal application |
Dilshad
Mahjabeen, Shahida |
|
|
|
Rafique |
|
08 |
The
promotion of appropriate renewable energy |
Khurshidul
Islam |
|
|
technologies in Bangladesh-Opportunities and |
|
|
|
Challenges |
|
|
09 |
Transition
to solar economy |
Saiful
Huque |
|
10 |
Study of
Generation of electricity from rural corrugated |
Md.
Mostafa
|
|
|
iron sheet
model houses utilizing seebeck effect |
|
|
11 |
Study on
Wind and Solar energy resource based power |
K Islam, S
K Nandi, H R |
|
|
options at
Swandip |
Ghosh and
S K Aditya |
|
12 |
Biogas potential in |
Runa
Rukshana Khan, Md |
|
|
|
Abdus
Salam, Shahida Rafique |
|
13 |
An Efficient Enery System for |
S K Nandi,
H R Ghosh and S K |
|
|
|
|
|
14 |
Performance of wood seasoning solar kiln augmented |
S P Paul,
M A Hossain,U K |
|
|
with
residue burner |
Rokeya and |
|
15 |
A low cost
solar radiation measurement system |
Liton
Kumar Biswas, Habibur |
|
|
|
Rahman |
The
role of Academic Institutions for policy formulation to the Global
Climate Change
Shahida Rafique Department of Applied Physics,
Electronics and
Climate
change means change in the long-term meteorological parameters and
variables. A change from one climate mode to another which is
outside the range of natural climate variability creates climate
change. Climate change is associated with changes in the natural
forces that control climate such as earth-orbital parameters which
effects in the solar radiation and temperature circulation.
Increased GHG has the potential to change this space time patterns
of global climate. Potential impacts of Global climate change on the
natural environment, human life, health, socioeconomic activities in
various sectors are important attributes to identify and develop
technologies & formulate policies to be adopted for sustainable
development. “It is the cause that produces effect, the effect
cannot come by itself. The realization of the idea is the effect.
The means are the cause, attention to the means, therefore is the
great secret of life”-Swani Bibekando. The role of academic
institution are: a)to design and development of renewable energy
education program, 2) to develop methologies to asses climate
change,3) observation of climate change etc. Education in general
and the renewable energy education in particular, is the selection
of the right means for the mitigation of he global climate change.
Introduction and elementary courses of renewable energy at primary
and secondary level. Introduction of relevant subjects at graduate,
post graduate and higher level in degree colleges, institutions and
universities. Launching of programs for mechanics, technicians,
scientists and engineers to implement RET at various levels.
Providing sufficient financial support for renewable energy research
including industries oriented research for production and
exploration. Establishment of institutions and R & D centers for
fabricating sophisticated renewable energy devices including
nanodevices. Launching a people oriented renewable energy education
programs by folk song, dance, drama etc.
Development Status and Market Potential of Solar Water Heating
Systems in
Neem Chandra
Bhowmik Renewable Energy Research Centre,
Flat plate
collectors absorb solar radiation falling on them, convert radiant
energy into heat and then transfer heat to a fluid, very often
water. In warmer climates like
A
case for the use of human power over solar PV for supplying
electricity to rural homes
K Siddique-e
Rabbani Department of Biomedical Physics & Technology University of
Dhaka, Dhaka 1000,
This paper
presents a model for the use of human power for providing
electricity to rural homes as against solar PV which is in vogue at
present. Lighting is an important aspect for the enhancement of the
quality of life of the rural people and the target considered in
this paper is the provision of at least one or two white LED lamp(s)
with a total of 5W per household throughout
1.
1. Total cost and affordability
2.
2. Sustenance (maintenance and repair)
3.
Environmental considerations The analysis will show that on all
these considerations a human powered rural electricity system is a
much better option than Solar PV for providing electricity to a
large number of people in
Renewable Energy Usage in
Md. Abul
Hossain
Introduction:
A healthy
and friendly environment is that which helps human beings, animals,
plants and all creatures to be enriched with its pollutant free
characteristic resulting to keep also the mind fresh and so on. It
is synergic with similar words like natural environment, social
environment, family environment, political environment which flute
the same tune. Here in this article I am trying to show analogy of
all these cases giving emphasis on natural environment. Can we make
an estimate the production cost of unit of air or water which we are
get from the nature by the grace of Almighty ? Tree gives oxygen to
the nature for human being. Human being needs oxygen for living.
On
11/10/2008, the Daily Ittefaq [local news paper of Bangladesh]
published news on page 16 that in South Africa scientists have
found some bacteria in the deep gold mines that does not need oxygen
for their survival. So, these bacteria give indication of existence
of lives in other planets of the universe. Very interesting, no
doubt, if any physician come forward to cooperate with those
scientists in South Africa may find out some way or develop some
cells in human body like those newly discovered bacteria, then the
human being may not require oxygen for survival and that would have
been the latest best medicine of this world.
I believe,
in the future, there will be more and more interesting findings and
discoveries in this world. Should not all or part of these would be
used to destroy peace of human being and all other living creatures,
rather all should be used in favor of all living creatures. There
should not be any more atom or gas bomb or some more dangerous bombs
discovered by any scientists and used by anyone or the
The Kyoto
Protocol is an international agreement linked to the United Nations
Framework Convention on Climate Change. The major feature of the
Kyoto Protocol is that it sets binding targets for 37 industrialized
countries and the European Community(EC) for reducing greenhouse gas
(GHG) emissions .These amount to an average of five per cent against
1990 levels over the five-year period 2008-2012.
The Kyoto
Protocol is generally seen as an important first step towards a
truly global emission reduction regime that will stabilize GHG
emissions, and provides the essential architecture for any future
international agreement on climate change. By the end of the first
commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol in 2012, a new international
framework needs to have been negotiated and ratified that can
deliver the stringent emission reductions, the Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has clearly indicated are needed.
Performance Analysis of Solar Water Heater
Shahidul I
Khan and Asif Islam Dept. of Electrical & Electronic Engineering
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Email:
shahidul@eee.buet.ac.bd
Two solar
water heaters of 100 liter and 200 liter were installed on the
roof-top of electronics laboratory at Old Academic Building of
Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department of BUET. The data
of 4 months have been collected and analyzed in this paper. It is
found that the incoming hot tap water is about 30o
C higher than the room temperature during day
time during winter months. This is about 25o
C in afternoon hours.
Nanomaterials in the Energy sector: Solar thermal domain
applications
Shahida
Rafique
Dept. of Applied Physics, Electronics and
Communication Engineering,
Applicability of nanomaterials in the energy sector has been
searched and analyzed. It has been found that the main challenge of
nanomaterials are to improve the efficiency, reliability, Safety and
life time of the energy producing system. In the energy sector the
application areas are: Energy conversion/production, energy storage
and energy saving. It has been realized that in each domain,
applicability of nanomaterials have the tremendous potential. The
most promising application fields for the energy conversion are
bioenergetics, thermo photovoltaic and fossils energy. The products
are aero gels for solar collectors thermoelectric devices, ad fuel
additives, catalyst. Nanomaterials are nonocrystalline titanium
dioxide, Nanostructured materials and carbon nanotubes Si,Ge
nanowires. In the energy storage system the most promising
application fields are rechargeable batteries and super capacitors.
The products are rechargeable fuel cell catalyst etc
Nanomaterialsare: C-nonotubes Nano-sized lithium titanate Nano
magnesium/magnesium alanate, Nano titaniumHoneycomb nanosructures,
Cnanotubes. For energy saving, the application fields are
insulation, more efficient lightning point sources, more efficient
lightning for large areas, combustion, lighter stronger materials.
The productsare aerogels, smart glasses, inorganic LEDs made form
III-V semiconductors, small molecule organic lEDs Nanotubes LEDs,
Fuel additives, catalyst. Nanomaterials are: Nanolayers,
Nanostructured polymer films, metal oxide nanoparticles,
nonporousmetal oxides/ceramics, nanocrystalline ceramics,and
nanocomposites coatings. In the context of
Applicability of Nano tech for Solar Thermal Application Dilshad
Mahjabeen and Shahida Rafique Dept. of Applied Physics, Electronics
and Communication Engineering, University of Dhaka
Applicability of nanotechnology for harnessing solar energy for the
production of thermal energy has been studied. For this,
conventional solar thermal energy has been reviewed. It has been
found that available solar thermal collectors are in three
categories: Low Thermal collector (LTC), Medium Thermal Collector
(MTC), High Thermal Collector(HTC).LTC is used for heating, cooling,
ventilation of thermal energy.MTC is used for solar cooking, drying
and pasteurization .HTC consists of system designs such as parabolic
trough design, power tower design, dish design, Fresnel design,
micro CSP. But the heat exchange rate using traditional techniques
is not satisfactory. Only 41% to 61% is possible. Conversion rate
from solar energy to thermal energy is also very low with
conventional heat materials. Recent research shows that
nanomaterials and nanostructured coating is the probable technique
for the application of optical selective absorber coating in solar
thermal collector that will effectively increase the efficiency.
Coating materials are based on amorphous hydrogenated carbon and
include novel nanostructured materials of type SixC1-x: He/Me. These
coatings can be deposited by physical vapor deposition technique or
plasma enhanced chemical deposition technique. The thermal and
optical properties can be determined by spectrophotometry,
spectroscopic ellipsometry, and real time laser reflectrometry.
Edging test can also used. Optical selective optical absorber is the
probable candidate for achieving solar thermal system. Recent
research shows that nanotubes are good thermal conductor exhibiting
‘’Balastic conduction”. It is predicted that carbon nano tube has
the capacity to transmit up to 6000 watts /m/k at room temperature.
The temperature of stability of CNT is estimated upto 2800ºC in
vacuum and about 750ºc in air. So it is suggested that
nanostructured materials may be effectively designed and implemented
for solar thermal applications. Extensive research work, design and
techniques are suggested for this.
Ready, Set, Green Transition to Renewable Energy for Mitigation of
Global Warming
Saiful Huque
World energy
demand is about 20 Trillion Watts. Most of this comes from fossil
fuels. The CO2 is leading to global warming. We should immediately
start the transition process from
fossil fuel
to solar economy. Why Solar Energy? Because of the sheer amount of
energy the Sun gives us – 120,000 Trillion Watts! Our Challenge –
Harvest these “Free Photons” to solve our energy and food needs. RET
(Renewable Energy Technology) in Bangladesh could be scaled-up
successfully when there will be a united effort from people,
Government, Academics, Private Enterprises and all other Development
Agencies. Our Role for Adaptation to RET is to create more
awareness, Dissemination of knowledge through training, Improvement
of technology designs, Innovative solutions to rural and urban
sectors, Enhancing manufacturing and service facilities, Maintaining
quality and service for reliability, Facilitate research at the
university level for high efficiency and Nanosolar based solar cell
fabrication to reduce foreign dependence, Formulate laws to
Increase/replicate urban usage of solar energy in the buildings and
offices, Involve qualified professional with adequate background on
solar energy in policy making activities in the future, Formulate
immediately incentive based Net Metering rules to buy electricity
from Renewable based power generation by small and medium private
entrepreneur, Promote Biomass based power generation, bio gas plant,
Encourage BIPV (Building Integrated Photolytic system) in urban
areas, Encourage solar home system installation all over the country
to increase income at rural level Promote innovation in the field of
renewable energy, Give incentives to energy efficient building,
industries and projects, Encourage energy saving devices through tax
benefit or by giving subsidy, Take initiative to fabricate solar
cell and solar panel locally, Encourage energy savers for motors,
tube light, air conditioner, Introduce electronic ballast for tube
light, CEFL lamp and LED lamps where ever applicable, Take measure
to advocate awareness in renewable and energy conservation, Promote
solar water heating, solar power irrigation and water pumping, solar
powered mobile base station, Traffic signal, Harness Wind power from
coastal and hilly areas.
Studies on a Solar water Heater and Determination of Its Efficiency
Factor
M.A. Malek,
K.A. Khan & M.A. Kamid Khan
Experimental Physics Division,
Atomic Energy Centre,
Department of Physics,
A prototype
solar water heater was constructed and studied. As a glazing, glass
and polyethylene have been used and their transmittance factors (τs)
have been measured. The optimal height of water column to be used in
the collector was found to be 4 inches. Efficiencies (η) of the
water heater were found different for different glazing materials
for the
same
radiation and a mean value was fund to be (55 ±5)%
Performance Study Of Electricity Generation From Pathor Kuchi Leaf (Bryophillum
Pinnatum)
Md.
A new method
of electricity generation based on Pathor Kuchi (Genus: Kalanchoe,
Section: Bryophyllum) Leaf has been developed at SERC (
H
effect of
the PKL malt, p of the PKL malt,Titratable acidity of the PKL malt,
Generation of PKL electricity,Storage system of the PKL
electricity,Practical utilization of PKL electricity,I-V
characteristics of the PKL electricity,Classification of PKL,
Longevity of the PKL malt for PKL electricity generation,
Preparation of PKL electric unit cell, module,panel,arrays and the
constituent elements of the PKL have been studied.In experimental
study,it is shown that the maximum efficiency of the PKL electricity
production
HH
device is
≈34%,the p of the PKL malt is ≈4.6 (without water), p of the PKL
malt is ≈4.8(with 10% solution), the titratable acidity of the PKL
malt is ≈0.88% and the constituent
++
elements/
ions of the PKL malt is Fe and Cl . Most of the results have been
tabulated and graphically discussed.
Study of
Generation of electricity from the rural corrugated iron sheet model
house utilizing Seebeck effect
Md. Golam Mostafa Department of Physics,
When a
temperature gradient exists between two junctions formed by two
dissimilar metals an electromotive force (EMF) is developed in the
junction. This junction is known as a thermocouple and the effect is
named as Seebeck effect. The generated EMF depends on the two
metals, which are in contact and amount of temperature difference
between the metals. These E.M.F. can be used to drive an external
circui9t and as a source of thermodynamic terms, his device acts as
a heat engine which converts a small part of thermal energy that
flows form the ht to cold junction directly to electricity. In day
time a significant amount of solar energy is absorbed by the sheets
and the temperature may reach as high as 70oC. but as the
temperature on the ground is about 30oC, a large temperature
different exists between them. This temperature different may by
utilized for generation of electricity. Electrical connection form
the roof to ground is made by a copper wire through a load. When the
roof is hot, a significant amount of current flows through the load,
results a voltage drop. This current can be used to charge a storage
battery (Lead acid batter). This battery can provide electrical
power at night time. Voltage drop across the load may be utilized to
drive an electric motor for household purpose.
Study on
Wind and Solar energy resource based power options at Swandip
Khademul
Islam,Sanjoy Kumar Nandi, Himangshu Ranjan Ghosh and Subrata Kumar
Aditya
Dept. of
Applied Physics, Electronics &Communication Engineering
In this
paper, studies have been carried out for the development of a Base
Transceiver Station (BTS) at Swandip through 100% renewable energy.
A 25 years project of net present cost 6139983.00 TK was estimated
on power system sizing with 0% capacity shortage and cost of energy
(COE) of 28.81 TK/KWh. In this project the contribution of power was
40% from solar and 60% from wind and energy resources with 85% state
of charge of the battery bank. The proposed optimized hybrid system
was the best option of power as it has reduced the COE 44% and 22%
respectively with respect to PV-Battery and Wind-Battery systems.
Application of TiO2 Nanotubes for Hydrogen generation from water
splitting using solar energy, a technical review
Mohammed
Hadifur Rahman, Dr. Shahida Rafique
Dept. of Applied Physics, electronics and
Communication Engineering,
Hydrogen can
be a sustainable source of energy. Hydrogen generation by water
photo electrolysis can be a feasible, efficient and economic
process. We have reviewed the potential application of TiO2
nanotubes for hydrogen generation from water splitting. Our review
suggests that the efficiency can be improved by using (i) hybrid
titaniu nanotubular arrays, which can be prepared by electrochemical
anodization of solid titanium metal in different inorganic and
organic electrolytes in the presence of fluoride ions (ii) using
ultrasonic assisted process for nanotubes generation (iii) using
these nanotubes as a cathode by nanoparticles modification (iv)
using modified electrolyte such as ethylene glycol and diethylene
glycol.
Biogas
potential in
*Runa
Rukshana Khan, ,**Md Abdus Salam,***Shahida Rafique *Institute of
science and Technology, NU **Department of statistics, JU ***Dept.
of Applied Physics, Electronics and Communication Engineering, DU
Bangladesh
is an agricultural country .It has a population of some 130 million
and more than 85% of the population live in the rural areas .Biogas
is the major source of energy in Bangladesh .Biogas technology, as
it uses animal and agricultural wastes and returns the wastes as
fertilizers, supplies energy as bonus .Biogas energy is used in
domestic cooking ,food processing and industries transport,
agriculture and other economic activities. Dissemination of biogas
technology is gaining momentum. A good number of institutions are
already involved in planning research, development and dissemination
of this technology. This technology may also contribute considerably
towards rural electrification and growth of rural industries in the
country .In
An Efficient Enery System for
Sanjoy Kumar
Nandi, Himangshu Ranjan Ghosh, Swapan Kumar Roy
Renewable Energy Research Centre,
Sandwip is a
highly potential area for wind power generation showed by Wind
Energy Resource Mapping (WERM) project. In paper solar radiation
over the
kWh/m . Then
an optimized Wind-PV hybrid system is designed to meet the demand of
a community consuming 210 kW/day. The analysis shows that Net
present value (NPC) and cost of energy (COE) is 20, 93556 Tk and
18.962 Tk respectively. The analysis shows that wind energy capacity
factor is 22.6% which indicate strong wind energy potential. If
existing diesel generator is replaced by such an environmentally
friendly hybrid system then about 65 tons CO2 can be mitigated.
Application of Wood Seasoning Solar Kiln Augmented With Residue
Burner
S. P. Paul,
M. A Hossain, U. K. Rokeya and
Seasoning
and Timber Physics Division Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, P.
O. Box-274, Cittagong
Aiming at
better conservation and utilization of different commercially
important and less important indigenous timber species, the
Bangladesh Forest Research Institute (BFRI) has developed a solar
kiln, which has been successfully applied since 1980s. Constructed
following the principles of green house effect the solar kiln (125
cft. capacity) is generally operated for 6-8 hours (from 9-00 a.m.
to 500 p.m.) in the daytime. Depending on the species and climate
variation the time for wood seasoning through the solar kiln varies
form 10 days to 27 days in the winter season (November-March).
The
advantages of using the solar kiln for wood seasoning are manifold.
Solar kiln seasoning helps attaining the wood moisture content at
the level of 12-145, which is optimal for
However,
elongated time period does not often satisfy the business need of
the wood traders. Therefore, improvement of the existing solar kiln
is needed Aiming at minimizing seasoning time, the solar kiln was
brought under modification by augmenting a heating device for supply
of additional heat with waste wood, which was installed outside the
solar kiln. The plunks of rain tree (Samanea saman) wood numbering
21 with 4´ -6´ X 1´ -1.5´ X 1˝-2˝ size were tested in the
solar kiln along with additional heat ranging 45-500C
for 3-5 hours (from 7-00 p. m. to 11-00 p. m.) using waste wood.
Average data shows that Solar Kiln with Residue Burner reduced the
seasoning time for more than 50% in comparison to the solar kiln
alone. It is mention worthy that the seasoning time for rain tree
wood through solar kiln was 17 days during winter (November-March).
The wood quality remained the same as the seasoning by solar kiln.
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